MODELING THE DISTRIBUTION OF POLLUTANT CONCENTRATIONS IN THE AIR AND OPTIMIZING THE MONITORING OF THE NETWORK OF EMISSION CONTROL STATIONS

Abstract

The authors considered the problem of analysis of the structure of the monitoring network and placement of stationary posts. Monitoring of stationary pollutant sources can be partially carried out using stationary air condition monitoring stations. Due to the high cost of implementation and operation of such stations, as well as the stochastic nature of the impurity distribution in the atmosphere, the efficiency of the group of stationary stations in the region significantly depends on their location in space. A necessary condition for the successful implementation of measures to reduce the concentration of harmful emissions into the environment and work to protect the purity of the atmosphere is the control of the state of the atmospheric air, which provides an objective assessment of the efficiency and effectiveness of all activities related to the prevention of environmental pollution. The authors formulated the task of analyzing the structure of the network of stationary atmospheric air monitoring stations in order to improve the quality of awareness about pollution at minimal costs. Modeling of dispersion from stationary sources allows to determine the array of distribution of maximum concentrations in space in the area of influence of the pollution source. A method of placement of a network of observation posts is proposed, based on models of impurity dispersion in the atmosphere, the theory of a regionalized variable, and kriging methods for obtaining adequate estimates of emissions from stationary man-made sources of impurity emissions. According to the method given by the authors, it is proposed to successively narrow the area of the search for the best places for placing posts using various approaches, which provides the possibility of determining the zone of possible exceeding of the maximum permissible concentrations of impurities, modeling the distribution of concentrations of pollutants in the surface layer of the air, determining the places of placing posts, based on calculations of the spatial variability of pollutants.